USS Bunker Hill (CV-17) in World War II

USS Bunker Hill (CV-17) in World War II An Essex-class aircraft carrier, USS Bunker Hill (CV-17) entered service in 1943. Joining the US Pacific Fleet, it supported Allied efforts during the island-hopping campaign across the Pacific. On May 11, 1945, Bunker Hill was severely damaged by two kamikazes while operating off Okinawa. Returning to the United States for repairs, the carrier would largely be inactive for the remainder of its career. A New Design Conceived in the 1920s and early 1930s, the US Navys Lexington- and Yorktown-class aircraft carriers were designed to conform to the restrictions set forth by the Washington Naval Treaty. This pact placed limitations on the tonnage of various types of warships as well as capped each signatorys overall tonnage. These types of restrictions were affirmed through the 1930 London Naval Treaty. As global tensions escalated, Japan and Italy left the treaty structure in 1936. With the failure of the treaty system, the US Navy began creating a design for a new, larger class of aircraft carrier and one which used the experience gained from the Yorktown-class. The resulting vessel was wider and longer as well as incorporated a deck-edge elevator system. This had been employed earlier on USS Wasp (CV-7). The new class would typically carry an air group of 36 fighters, 36 dive bombers, and 18 torpedo planes. This included the F6F Hellcats, SB2C Helldivers, and TBF Avengers. In addition to possessing a larger air group, the class featured a greatly enhanced anti-aircraft armament. Construction Designated the Essex-class, the lead ship, USS Essex (CV-9), was laid down in April 1941. This was followed by several additional carriers including USS Bunker Hill (CV-17) which was laid down at the Fore River Shipyard in Quincy, MA on September 15, 1941 and named for the Battle of Bunker Hill fought during the American Revolution. Work on Bunker Hills hull continued into 1942 following the United States entry into World War II. Bunker Hill slid down the ways on December 7 of that year, on the anniversary of the attack on Pearl Harbor. Mrs. Donald Boynton served as sponsor. Pressing to complete the carrier, Fore River finished the vessel in the spring of 1943. Commissioned on May 24, Bunker Hill entered service with Captain J.J. Ballentine in command. After concluding trials and shakedown cruises, the carrier departed for Pearl Harbor where it joined Admiral Chester W. Nimitzs US Pacific Fleet. Sent west, it was assigned to Rear Admiral Alfred Montgomerys Task Force 50.3. USS Bunker Hill (CV-17) - Overview Nation: United StatesType: Aircraft CarrierShipyard: Bethlehem Steel Company, Quincy, MALaid Down: September 15, 1941Launched: December 7, 1942Commissioned: May 24, 1943Fate: Scrapped Specifications Displacement: 27,100 tonsLength: 872 ft.Beam: 147 ft., 6 in.Draft: 28 ft., 5 in.Propulsion: 8 Ãâ€" boilers, 4 Ãâ€" Westinghouse geared steam turbines, 4 Ãâ€" shaftsSpeed: 33 knotsRange: 20,000 nautical miles at 15 knotsComplement: 2,600 men Armament 4 Ãâ€" twin 5 inch 38 caliber guns4 Ãâ€" single 5 inch 38 caliber guns8 Ãâ€" quadruple 40 mm 56 caliber guns46 Ãâ€" single 20 mm 78 caliber guns Aircraft 90-100 aircraft In the Pacific On November 11, Admiral William Bull Halsey directed TF 50.3 to join with Task Force 38 for a combined strike on the Japanese base at Rabaul. Launching from the Solomon Sea, aircraft from Bunker Hill, Essex, and USS Independence (CVL-22) hit their targets and defeated a Japanese counterattack which resulted in the loss 35 enemy aircraft. With the conclusion of operations against Rabaul, Bunker Hill steamed to the Gilbert Islands to provide cover for the invasion of Tarawa. As Allied forces began moving against the Bismarcks, the carrier shifted to that area and conducted strikes against Kavieng on New Ireland. Bunker Hill followed these efforts with attacks in the Marshall Islands to support the invasion of Kwajalein in January-February 1944. With the capture of the island, the ship joined with other American carriers for a massive raid on Truk in late February. Overseen by Rear Admiral Marc Mitscher, the attack resulted in the sinking of seven Japanese warships as well as several other vessels. Serving in Mitschers Fast Carrier Task Force, Bunker Hill next conducted attacks on Guam, Tinian, and Saipan in the Marianas before hitting targets in the Palau Islands on March 31 and April 1. Battle of the Philippine Sea After providing cover for General Douglas MacArthurs landings at Hollandia, New Guinea in late April, Bunker Hills aircraft conducted a series of raids in the Caroline Islands. Steaming north, the Fast Carrier Task Force began attacks in support of the Allied invasion of Saipan. Operating near the Marianas, Bunker Hill took part in the Battle of the Philippine Sea on June 19-20. On the first day of the fighting, the carrier was struck by a Japanese bomb which killed two and wounded eighty. Remaining operational, Bunker Hills aircraft contributed to the Allied victory which saw the Japanese lose three carriers and around 600 aircraft. Later Operations In September 1944, Bunker Hill struck targets in the Western Carolines before mounting a series of attacks on Luzon, Formosa, and Okinawa. With the conclusion of these operations, the carrier received orders to depart the war zone for an overhaul at Bremerton Naval Shipyard. Reaching Washington, Bunker Hill entered the yard and underwent routine maintenance as well as had its anti-aircraft defenses enhanced. Departing on January 24, 1945, it steamed west and rejoined Mitschers forces for operations in the Western Pacific. After covering the landings on Iwo Jima in February, Bunker Hill took part in raids against the Japanese home islands. In March, the carrier and its consorts shifted southwest to aid in the Battle of Okinawa. Steaming off the island on April 7, Bunker Hills aircraft took part in defeating Operation Ten-Go and aided in sinking the battleship Yamato. While cruising near Okinawa on May 11, Bunker Hill was hit by a pair of A6M Zero kamikazes. These caused several explosions and gasoline fires which began to consume the ship and killed 346 sailors. Working valiantly, Bunker Hills damage control parties were able to bring the fires under control and save the ship. Badly crippled, the carrier departed Okinawa and returned to Bremerton for repairs. Arriving, Bunker Hill was still in the yard when the war ended in August. Final Years Putting to sea in September, Bunker Hill served in Operation Magic Carpet which worked to return American servicemen home from overseas. Deactivated in January 1946, the carrier remained at Bremerton and was decommissioned on January 9, 1947. Though reclassified several times over the next two decades, Bunker Hill was kept in reserve. Removed from the Naval Vessel Register in November 1966, the carrier saw use as a stationary electronics test platform at Naval Air Station North Island, San Diego until being sold for scrap in 1973. Along with USS Franklin (CV-13), which was also badly damaged late in the war, Bunker Hill was one of two Essex-class carriers that saw no active service with the postwar US Navy.

How to Run a Successful Email Outreach Campaign (Step by Step)

How to Run a Successful Email Outreach Campaign (Step by Step) Maybe it was your first email outreach campaign. Maybe you tried one and quit halfway through. Or maybe you thought you did everything right, but you just didn’t see the results you were looking for. Whatever your reason is for wanting to kick your email outreach game up a notch, you’ve come to the right place. The best email campaigns have a simple structure, follow email outreach best practices, and leave plenty of room for experimenting, analyzing, and tweaking so you can incrementally build up to that perfect email campaign that gets you results every time. Start with identifying your desired outcome, reaching out to the right audience, and maintaining compliance. Then, dive into crafting a powerful email that prompts action, structuring a strong campaign, and, finally, deploying your email outreach campaign under the right conditions. And finally, analyze the results to determine whats working and whats not. Then, start again at step one with a new set of prospects and your newly-discovered insights, iterating the basic campaign structure with slight improvements until you become a master of your domain. Want to learn more? Here’s our step-by-step instruction guide to running a successful email outreach campaign. Table of Contents: Identify Your Goals Pinpoint the Right Prospects Verify Emails and Maintain Compliance Craft Your Emails Structure Your Campaign Launch Your Campaign Testing and Tracking ResultsHow to Run a Successful Email Outreach Campaign (Step by Step) Step 1: Identify Your Goals Identifying your goals before starting an email campaign seems like a no-brainer, but you’d be surprised at how often companies gloss over this step. And all too often, those who do get the goal-defining piece right end up not holding themselves accountable or failing to share those goals organization-wide. Your campaign's goals could range widely from simple prospecting  to boosting brand awareness or even educating the market on new product lines or features. Or perhaps lead generation is steady, but your team is having a tough time closing deals or retaining customers. (In that situation, it might be beneficial to send a survey campaign.) Whether your goal is relationship building, link building, basic prospecting, or something else, you should make sure everyone on your team knows exactly  what the end goal is and what metrics to track  to identify if the campaign was a success or not. While open rates and click-through rates are important, they really just tell you if there’s a problem with your content. The most important thing is to track conversions and overall ROI. The most important thing is to track conversions and overall ROI. Step 2: Pinpoint the Right Prospects Even the greatest email campaigns can be brought to a grinding halt if they aren't targeting the right audience. Putting together a prospect list is a critical task. Fortunately, there are countless ways to find people who may want what you're selling: Outbound prospecting Networking Inbound marketing Referrals The hard part is deciding which one is the most effective for your product, your company, and your sales style. Typically, it's a combination of multiple approaches, but in the end, it really boils down to what avenue offers the best return on time and resources invested. These days, automation reigns supreme when it comes to crafting the perfect lead data from scratch. Tools like LinkedIn Sales Navigator  can help you create advanced queries to find prospects based on geography, industry, number of employees, estimated revenue, and more. LinkedIn Sales Navigator can help you create advanced queries to find prospects based on geography,... Step 3: Verify Emails and Maintain Compliance Once you’ve crafted your ironclad prospect list, you’ve then got the arduous task of tracking down each potential lead’s correct  contact information – which in the past, was easier said than done. Fortunately, we now have tools like Voila Norbert  that allow you to input lead data and extract out their real-time validated email addresses all in one shot. Once your goals are set and you have a verified email list, you then need to take a few critical steps toward maintaining CAN-SPAM compliance, ensuring deliverability, and protecting your domain. Recommended Reading: What 14 Studies Say About the Best Time to Send Email 1. Set Up an Email Address on Another Domain This is an often-overlooked but necessary step. Email outreach campaigns require lots of experimenting, and if you send all those emails from your primary domain, you run the risk of damaging the reputation of your company. The safest option is to set up another domain that’s reserved exclusively for outbound campaigns targeting a new audience. 2. Create an SPF Record The SPF, or Sender Policy Framework, is essentially a security device that prevents wrongdoers from sending any emails on your behalf. You just need to set it up on your DNS server, which defines and verifies the specific IP addresses allowed to send emails from your domain. Google has a pretty good write-up on SPF  if you want to learn more. 3. Create a DKIM Record Similar to the SPF record, the DKIM, or DomainKeys Identified Mail, was rolled out to prevent imposters from masquerading as you via email. Think of it as another layer of protection that says to the receiving DNS server, â€Å"It’s okay, I’m really the person sending this message.† Similar to the SPF record, it will also ensure a greater deliverability rate once set up. 4. Adhere to CAN-SPAM Guidelines The CAN-SPAM Act  was enacted in 2003 as a way to set an established standard for sending commercial email, and made the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) responsible for its enforcement. People tend to overcomplicate it, but the essentials are: Steer clear of using false or misleading information Limit the number of â€Å"!†s in emails you send Abstain from using too many words like â€Å"promotion,† â€Å"sale,† â€Å"free,† etc. Be transparent about your intentions Don’t use too many imagesStep 4: Craft Your Emails Crafting your emails is usually where people get caught up. Many have a tendency to overanalyze and try to perfect the email on the first outreach campaign. While you should spend a decent amount of time here, it isn’t good practice to dwell on things. Find or create a good template, run with it, analyze what works, and move on. With that in mind, there are still some best practices to adhere to when crafting your emails: Subject Line and Snippet The name of the game here is to seize attention, primarily because 47% of emails  are discarded or opened based entirely on their subject line. Easy subject line wins include: Getting straight to the point.  I’m talking 3-4 words when possible, but maximum  5-6 words. This way they stand out from the long drawn-out subject lines emails typically have. Personalizing when possible  by utilizing the company name, prospect’s name, referral source, or even a shared experience. Doing so has the potential to boost open rates. Keeping it casual to avoid being confused with spam or junk offers. Try typing in lowercase incomplete sentences as if you wrote the subject line to a longtime friend or colleague. Recommended Tool: 's (Free) Email Subject Line Tester Email Body The core of your email should be entirely  about the prospect. Avoid talking about yourself or your product initially. Some best practices here include utilizing social proof in the form of hard numbers, case studies, or statistics – preferably something relevant, relatable, or hard-hitting. Start off by striking a chord with a pain point, laying out your value proposition, or sharing some interesting content. The body is yet another section ripe for personalization that can help you stand out. Call-To-Action (CTA) You’ve kept their attention this long. Now you’ve just got to seal the deal. Most salespeople know that deals aren’t sold via email, so usually the CTA is a single  request, one that has a low-friction ask and is easily answered with a 'yes' or 'no'. In fact, according to marketing guru Ellie Mirman, emails with a single CTA increased clicks 371%  and sales by 1617%. Recommended Reading: How to Write a Call to Action in a Template With 6 Examples Signature The signature is arguably the most overlooked part of the email, to your own detriment. The signature is likely the first section the prospect will scroll to when they open your email. They want context. So settling for a mere phone number and company name won’t suffice. Instead, you should leverage your signature to do more for you. Add your social media profiles (and make sure you keep them current). Toss in links to a recent article you published, a speech you gave, or even to an award you received. The whole point here is to establish trust and credibility while also coming off as relatable and likable. Establish trust and credibility while also coming off as relatable and likable. Step 5: Structure Your Campaign You’ve got an email loaded and ready – now you just need to hit 'send.' But wait: before you do anything else, you’ve got to structure the rest of your campaign. Typically, this means determining what your email cadence schedule is and what your follow-up emails  will cover. While this is something you could  do manually, it’s better to leverage some sort of automation software. A tool like Mailshake, for example, can send your initial email and  your follow-up emails  on autopilot for you. The big question here typically is: "How long do I wait before following up again?" The short answer is "Not long." You’ve built momentum, and it would be a shame to let that go to waste. Here’s an example outreach schedule you can steal and begin to tweak: Day 1:  Send the initial email Day 3:  Consider connecting on social media Day 4:  Send follow-up email #1 Day 7:  Consider calling them Day 11:  Send follow-up email #2 Day 15:  Engage with their content on social media Day 21:  Send follow-up email #3 From then on, try at least once a month. As you can see, this isn’t an exact science. If you space things out logically and use other channels for touchpoints throughout your outreach campaign, you’ll come off less salesy and spammy.